Johannes 12:1
Jesus kom derfor, seks dager før påske, til Betania hvor Lasarus var, som Jesus hadde oppreist fra de døde.
(en) Bethany was a village about two miles from Jerusalem; see inngang for John 11:18.
(b) Lazarus of Bethany was a dear friend of Jesus (John 11:3, 36); see inngang for John 11:1.
(c) Raised from the dead; see John 11:43.
John 12:2
So they made Him a supper there, and Martha was serving; but Lazarus was one of those reclining at the table with Him.
(en) A supper. In whose house was Jesus eating? We might conclude it was Martha’s house since she was serving. But in the other gospel accounts, Jesus was anointed in the house of Simon the Leper (Matt. 26:6–7, Mark 14:3). One possibility is that Martha and her siblings were close friends or relatives of Simon’s, and this is why they were in his house. Another possibility is that Simon was their deceased father and that his house was their house.
(b) Martha; se inngang for Luke 10:38
(c) Martha was serving again; see inngang for Luke 10:40.
John 12:3
Mary then took a pound of very costly perfume of pure nard, and anointed the feet of Jesus and wiped His feet with her hair; and the house was filled with the fragrance of the perfume.
Costly perfume; se inngang for Matt. 26:7.
Johannes 12:13
tok grenene på palmetrærne og gikk ut for å møte ham, og begynte å rope: Hosianna! VELSIGT ER HAN SOM KOMMER I HERRENS NAVN, ja, Israels konge.»
The King of Israel. Many people in scripture recognized Jesus as a king. These people included the magi (Matt. 2:2), the disciples (Luke 19:38), the palm-waving people of Jerusalem (John 12:13), Paul and Silas (Acts 17:7), the angel Gabriel (Luke 1:32-33), and the seventh angel (Rev. 11:15). However, during his earthly ministry, Jesus rarely referred to himself in such royal terms (see verse 15).
Johannes 12:15
«Frykt IKKE, SIONS DATTER; SE, DIN KONGE KOMMER, SITT PÅ ET ESELS FOL.»
(en) Sions datter er et poetisk navn for Jerusalem (Jes 10:32, Sak 9:9).
Historisk sett var Sion en festning på en bakketopp som ble tatt til fange av David og omdøpt til Davids by (2. Sam. 5:6–7). Åsen ble hjertet av byen Jerusalem (Sal 135:21).
(b) Behold, your king. This was one of those rare occasions where Jesus referred to himself as a king. See inngang for Matt. 21:5.
John 12:18
For this reason also the people went and met Him, because they heard that He had performed this sign.
“For this reason” was one of Jesus’s favorite sayings, and one adopted here by John. See inngang for Matt. 6:25.
John 12:19
So the Pharisees said to one another, “You see that you are not doing any good; look, the world has gone after Him.”
(en) Pharisees; se inngang for Matt. 3:7.
(b) World. Fallen humanity; see inngang for Matt. 4:8.
Johannes 12:25
«Den som elsker sitt liv, mister det, og den som hater sitt liv i denne verden, vil beholde det til evig liv.
(en) His life. There are two different words for life in this verse. The original word for the first life (pss) refererer vanligvis til sjeleliv. (Ordet psykologi kommer fra ordet pss.) Det er livet vi arver fra Adam. Det er kjødets liv.
(b) Loses it. Live for the appetites of the flesh and you will lose your true self. Run after the inferior pleasures of the world and you will lose your soul. What profit is that (Matt. 16:26)?
(c) Hates his life. To hate your life is to live without care and making no provisions for the flesh, not because you are ascetic, but because you have found a greater Supply. “Do not worry about your life (psuche) – din Far skal ta vare på deg» (Matt 6,25).
(d) Life eternal. The original word for life (zoe) er ofte beskrevet som åndelig liv. Dette er livet som Gud har. Når Jesus sier at han er livet, sikter han til zoe-åndens liv (Johannes 14:6). Det evige livet vi får fra Gud er ikke mer av det samme gamle, men noe helt nytt. Se inngang for nytt liv.
Johannes 12:28
"Far, herliggjør ditt navn." Da kom det en røst fra himmelen: «Jeg har både herliggjort det, og jeg vil herliggjøre det igjen.»
(en) Father, glorify Your name. Before Jesus, no one called God Father. After Jesus, every Christian did. The name that Jesus wants glorified is not God but Father.
Første gang Jesus kalte Gud «Far» offentlig, sa han «Fader vår i himmelen» (Matt. 6:9). Når du ber, ber du ikke bare til den allmektige skaperen og den Gamle av dager. Du ber til vår himmelske Far som har omsorg for deg og kjenner dine behov (Matt. 6:31–32). Abba Far er Guds navn som elsker deg like mye som han elsker Jesus (Johannes 17:23).
(b) I have both glorified it. To glorify means to magnify, honor, and extol. Jesus says, “God, make your Father-heart widely known.” And the Father replies, “I’m doing it right now, through you Son.”
Johannes 12:31
«Nå er det dommen over denne verden; nå skal denne verdens hersker kastes ut.
(en) Dom er over denne verden. “It’s payback time for the devil.”
I 1. Mosebok 3 advarte Gud slangen om at hodet hans ville bli knust av kvinnens ætt. I dette avsnittet kunngjør Sæden (Jesus) at han har kommet for å oppfylle Guds løfte.
(b) Herskeren over denne verden. Gud ga jorden til Adam og Adam ga nøklene til djevelen. Helt siden den gang har Satan blitt omtalt som denne verdens hersker eller gud (Joh. 14:30, 16:11, 2. Kor. 4:4). Men han var en usurpator, og nå var den sanne alles Herre kommet for å sette ham i hans sted.
(c) World. In context, the world (kosmos) refers to fallen humanity or the self-serving civilization which is under the influence of Satan and the powers of darkness (1 John 5:19).
(d) Kast ut, fordømt og fratatt all makt (Joh 16:11, Kol 2:15).
Johannes 12:32
“And I, if I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all men to Myself.”
(en) Hvis jeg blir løftet opp fra jorden i en korsfestelse (se neste vers).
(b) Will draw all. All the condemnation of sin was borne by Christ on the cross. He who knew no sin was made sin on our behalf so that we might become the righteousness of God in him (2 Cor. 5:21).
Prior to the cross, the world was under the condemnation of sin. But Jesus bore sin’s punishment and the sentence of death has been removed. See inngang for 1 John 2:2.
(c) Men. The word is in italics to show that it has been added by translators. However, the context indicates that Jesus is referring to judgment.
Johannes 12:33
Men Han sa dette for å indikere hvilken type død han skulle dø ved.
Den typen død. De som fulgte de ondskapsfulle handlingene til Sanhedrinet, kunne ha forventet at Jesus skulle begraves under en sperring av steiner, omtrent som Stefanus var (Apg 7:58). Men Jesus forutså en annen type død, ikke en der han ville bli slått ned, men en der han ville bli løftet opp på et forbannet tre eller kors (Gal 3:13, 1 Pet 2:24).
Johannes 12:34
Folkemengden svarte ham da: «Vi har hørt av loven at Kristus skal forbli til evig tid; og hvordan kan du si: 'Menneskesønnen må løftes opp'? Hvem er denne Menneskesønnen?»
Loven. The crowd is quoting from Psalm 89:36-37 or Isaiah 9:6-7 or Micah 4:7. The Psalms and the prophets do not form part of the Law of Moses or the Torah (the first five books of the Bible). The crowd is referring to the Hebrew Scriptures or the Old Testament. For similar examples, see John 10:34, 15:25, and 1 Cor. 14:21.
Johannes 12:36
"Mens dere har lyset, tro på lyset, slik at dere kan bli lysets sønner."
Dette talte Jesus, og han gikk bort og skjulte seg for dem.
(en) Lyset av verden er Jesus (se inngang for Johannes 9:5).
(b) Å tro på lyset er å tro på Herren Jesus Kristus. Dette er den viktigste takeaway av den nye pakt; se inngang for Johannes 3:16.
(c) Sons of Light are those who believe in Jesus, Light of the world (John 8:12).
John 12:37
But though he had performed so many signs before them, yet they were not believing in Him.
They saw without seeing because they did not believe. “By faith we understand” (Heb. 11:3).
Johannes 12:39–40
Av denne grunn kunne de ikke tro det, for Jesaja sa igjen: "HAN HAR BLINDET DERES ØYNE OG HAN FORHERDET DERES HJERTE, SAT DE IKKE SKULLE SE MED ØYNE OG OPPSTANE MED HJERTET OG BLI OMVENDT OG JEG HELBRE DEM."
(en) “For this reason” was one of Jesus’s favorite sayings, and one adopted here by John. See inngang for Matt. 6:25.
(b) De kunne ikke tro because their hearts were dull (calloused and hardened; Matt. 13:15). Like hard ground, a hard heart cannot receive the seed of the gospel.
We are not born insensitive to the things of God, but we become corrupted by the deceitful desires of the old self (Eph. 4:22), the pollutions of this world (2 Pet. 2:20), and law-based religion (2 Cor. 3:15). God draws all of us, but if we persist in rejecting his overtures, he will eventually give us over to the rotten desires of our hearts. He will never force his love upon us.
(c) Jesaja. John quotes Isaiah 6:9–10. When Jesus and Paul quote this prophecy, they do not say “he has blinded their eyes” or “he has hardened their hearts.” Instead, they say “their hearts have become hardened and they have closed their eyes” (Matt. 13:14–15, Acts 28:26–27).
(d) Blindet... herdet. De lukket øynene og forherdet sine hjerter for Guds godhet.
Lest ut av kontekst kan Jesajas profeti formidle følelsen av at Gud velger og velger hvem som får tro på ham, men Gud elsker hele verden (Joh 3:16). Han er ikke villig til at noen går til grunne, men ønsker at alle skal komme til omvendelse og bli frelst (2 Pet. 3:9, 1. Tim. 2:4). Aldri avviste Gud noen som kom til ham med et mykt og ømt hjerte. Selv når mange av de religiøse lederne aktivt motarbeidet Kristus, var det mange prester som kom til ham i tro og ble regnet i den tidlige kirken (Apg 6:7).
(e) Not see with their eyes. Jesus did not make it hard for unbelievers to discern the meaning of his teachings; it was their own unbelief that blinded them. Since the unbelieving crowds were not ready to receive kingdom revelation, Jesus hid the “mysteries of the kingdom” inside memorable stories. “That’s why I tell stories: to create readiness, to nudge the people toward receptive insight” (Matt. 13:13, MSG).
Videre lesning: "Does God Make People Spiritually Blind?”
Johannes 12:46
«Jeg er kommet som lys til verden, for at hver den som tror på meg, ikke skal forbli i mørket.
Light. The Light of the world and the Light of Life and the Light of men and the True Light are all names for Jesus (John 1:4, 9, 8:12, 9:5).
Adams falne rase lever i dødsskyggens dal. Inn i denne mørke dalen kommer Jesus med den lyse og skinnende åpenbaringen om at Gud tilbyr oss et nytt liv.
.
John 12:49
“For I did not speak on My own initiative, but the Father Himself who sent Me has given Me a commandment as to what to say and what to speak.
(en) Faren; se inngang for John 4:21.
(b) Him who sent me. On numerous occasions, Jesus told his disciples that he was not from earth but had come or been sent from heaven. See inngang for John 6:38.
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