2 Johannes 1:1
Den eldste til den utvalgte dame og hennes barn, som jeg elsker i sannhet; og ikke bare jeg, men også alle som kjenner sannheten
(en) Den eldste. Kirkens tradisjon forteller oss at den eldste var apostelen Johannes, forfatteren av dette brevet og flere andre bøker i Det nye testamente. Noen sier imidlertid at brevet ble skrevet av en annen Johannes, en efeser kjent som John the Presbyter, men det er lite bevis som støtter dette.
Det antas generelt at John var en gammel mann da han skrev dette brevet. Derfor kan «den eldste» være mer enn en tittel, men en anerkjennelse av Johannes' rike livserfaring og hans misunnelsesverdige omgang med Jesus. Hvis du fikk et brev fra John, visste du at du snakket med en respektert eldste i kirken.
(b) Hvem var den utvalgte damen og hennes barn? No one knows. Some believe she was a metaphor for the church in general, but this is unlikely since John longs to speak to her face to face (2 John 1:12). The New Testament letters were sent to people. Even when they were sent to churches, someone had to receive the mail and read it. And if the chosen lady symbolizes the church, who are her children? Also the church? That doesn’t make sense. Why would John write a letter “to the church and her church”?
Who was the chosen lady? Was she Mary, the mother chosen to bear the Savior and loved by all in the early church? Was she Mary or Martha of Bethany? Was she the woman in Babylon mentioned by Peter (1 Pet. 5:13)? Nobody knows. The best we can say is she was an unnamed leader of a church, and her children were the people in it.
(c) Hvem jeg elsker i sannhet. Johannes kjærlighet er uskjønt kristen kjærlighet. Det er den virkelige avtalen.
(d) Alle som kjenner sannheten meaning believers who have put their faith in the one called Truth (see 2 John 1:2).
2 Johannes 1:2
for sannhetens skyld som blir i oss og vil være med oss for alltid:
(en) Sannheten som bor i oss is Jesus. Every believer has the Spirit of truth within them (1 Cor. 3:16). See also the inngang for 1 John 1:8.
(b) Will be with us forever. Jesus promised that the Holy Spirit would take up permanent residence in the hearts of the believer. “I will ask the Father, and he will give you another Helper, to be with you forever” (John 14:16). What a wonderful affirmation of our eternal security in the Lord.
Videre lesning: "Evige trygghetsskrifter”
2 Johannes 1:3
Nåde, barmhjertighet og fred vil være med oss, fra Gud Faderen og fra Jesus Kristus, Faderens Sønn, i sannhet og kjærlighet.
(en) Nåde, barmhjertighet og fred. Like the other apostles, John began his letters with a foundation of the love and grace that comes from God (Rom. 1:7, 1 Pet. 1:2). Our God is a merciful, gracious and forgiving Father (Matt. 6:14, 18:27, Luke 7:47, 15:22, 23:34, John 1:14, 2 Th. 2:16, Heb. 4:16, Rev 1:4).
(b) Gud Faderen... Faderen. God is not a distant judge or bookkeeper weighing us in the scales, but our heavenly Father who has blessed us with grace, mercy and peace. In this short epistle, John refers to God as the Father four times. Like Jesus (John 6:46) and the apostle Paul (Rom. 8:15), John had a revelation of a God who loves us like a Father. See also the inngang for 1 John 3:1.
(c) Jesus Kristus, Faderens Sønn. In contrast with those deceivers who denied Jesus (2 John 1:7) or his sonship (Matt. 27:40), John preached the good news of Jesus Christ “the Son of the Father.” Jesus is no mere teacher or prophet; he is the Son of the Most High (Luke 1:32) and the Son of God (1 John 3:8).
(d) Sannhet og kjærlighet are two of John’s favorite themes. Like Paul, John loved the truth and was only interested in “speaking the truth in love” (Eph. 4:15). One without the other would not do (1 John 3:18).
2 Johannes 1:4
Jeg var veldig glad for å finne noen av barna deres som vandrer i sannhet, akkurat slik vi har fått befaling om å gjøre fra Faderen.
(en) Dine barn refers to the spiritual offspring of the chosen lady, people she had led to or nurtured in the Lord. All believers are children of God the Father (1 John 2:1), but those who plant the life-giving word and lead us to faith can be considered our spiritual parents. In his third epistle, John speaks of his joy at hearing how his children are walking in the truth (3 John 1:4).
(b) Vandre i sannhet is analogous to walking in the light (1 John 1:7) and walking according to his commandments (2 John 1:6). It is walking by faith (2 Cor. 5:7) and walking in the Spirit (Gal. 5:25). It is continuing in the grace of God (Acts 13:43) and continuing in the faith (Col. 1:23). It is refusing to be seduced into sin or self-trust and staying settled in Christ. It’s keeping his word (Rev. 3:8), his deeds (Rev. 2:26), his faith (Rev. 2:13), and the word of his perseverance (Rev. 3:10). In short, it is walking in the same manner Jesus walked (1 John 2:6), which is in total dependence on the Father (John 5:19).
We who know the truth (2 John 1:1) walk in truth because the Truth abides in us (2 John 1:2). We walk in the light because Jesus the Light lives in us (John 8:12).
(c) Vi har mottatt befaling. I den gamle pakt adlød folk Moses lover for å bli akseptable for Gud; i det nye stoler vi på og adlyder vår Far fordi vi vet hvor mye han elsker oss. Kjærligheten og nåden i vers 3 går foran vandring i sannhet og lydighet i vers 4.
(d) Den befaling to walk in truth is analogous to the commandment to believe in Jesus (1 John 3:23). John is essentially saying, “I was very glad to hear your people are continuing in the grace of God.” John had personal experience with busy churches that had wandered from their first love (Rev. 2:4). This wasn’t one of those.
(e) Faren; se inngang for 2 John 1:3.
2 Johannes 1:5
Nå ber jeg deg, frue, ikke som om jeg skrev et nytt bud til deg, men det som vi har hatt fra begynnelsen, at vi skal elske hverandre.
(en) dame. John bruker ikke den nedlatende "kjære dame" slik noen oversettelser har det. Han kaller henne kyria, som er den feminiserte versjonen av kyrios, a word meaning lord or master. The recipient of his letter was an important woman, a VIP. Was she a noble woman or a benefactor like Phoebe (Rom. 16:1)? Was she a church leader like Nympha and Chloe (1 Cor. 1:11, Col. 4:15)? We can only guess. But there seems little doubt that she was a woman of some influence within the church.
(b) Et nytt bud. John reminds the lady about the new commandment the church received from Jesus, namely the command to “love one another as I have loved you” (John 13:34). This new commandment is sometimes referred to as the law of Christ (1 Cor. 9:21, Gal. 6:2).
Jesus was once asked to name the greatest commandment in the law. Jesus replied that the first and greatest commandment is to love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind (Matt. 22:36-38). Note that this is the greatest commandment i loven. Under the law-keeping covenant, the flow was from you to the Lord (Deut. 6:5, 10:12). You loved God because it was a law that came with consequences. But in the new covenant of grace, we love because he first loved us (1 John 4:19). Jesus laid down his life for all. When we receive his great love, we are empowered to love others as we love ourselves. This is why Jesus referred to the law of Christ as a new commandment (John 13:34).
(c) Begynnelsen, som betyr budet de hørte fra begynnelsen av deres omgang med Kristus. Selv om det er et nytt bud, er det ikke nytt for henne. Se også inngang for 1 John 1:1.
(d) Det gjør vi ikke elske hverandre because it is a law that must be obeyed, as though we were still under the old covenant. Rather, we are able to love one another because we have received the love and grace of the Father that is revealed to us through the Son (2 John 1:3). We are able to love others because God first loved us (1 John 4:19). See also the inngang for 1 John 3:11.
2 Johannes 1:6
Og dette er kjærligheten at vi vandrer etter hans bud. Dette er budet, slik dere har hørt fra begynnelsen, at dere skal vandre i det.
(en) Dette er kjærlighet. Love is not merely a sermon or a sonnet; love is something we reveal by our actions (1 John 3:18). Love is preferring one another, seeking the best for them, and even laying down our lives for them (1 John 3:16).
(b) At vi vandrer etter hans bud. Johannes forkynner ikke Moses bud, men Jesu bud. "Gjør som Jesus sa."
The commands of Moses are hard and heavy (Act 15:10), but the commands of Jesus are not burdensome (1 John 5:3). Moses instructed the children of Israel to keep all the laws of the old covenant, but Jesus instructs the children of God to love one another (John 13:34, 15:12, 17). Just as the followers of Moses are recognized by their love for the law, the disciples of Jesus are known by their love for one another (John 13:35).
(c) Det nye befaling to love one another (2 John 1:5) is an expression of the Father’s commandment to believe in his Son Jesus (1 John 3:23). The former is the fruit of the latter.
(d) Begynnelsen; se inngang for 1 John 1:1.
(e) Gå i den means love one another with the love that God gave you (1 John 4:19).
2 Johannes 1:7
For mange bedragere har gått ut i verden, de som ikke anerkjenner at Jesus Kristus kommer i kjødet. Dette er bedrageren og antikristen.
(en) Deceivers are false teachers, false prophets and those with an antichrist spirit who deny that Jesus is the Christ (1 John 2:22) or has come in the flesh (2 John 1:7) or is the Son of God (1 John 5:10)? John’s warnings were justified because the early church was plagued by many deceivers, many antichrists, and many false prophets (1 John 2:18, 4:1).
(b) Dratt ut i verden. Deceivers left the church community because they never belonged (1 John 2:19). The world was their home and those in the world listened to them (1 John 4:5).
(c) Those who do not acknowledge Jesus Christ as coming in the flesh. Some false teachers went around saying that the Messiah had not come in the physical form of a man. John reminded us that he had touched Jesus with his hands (1 John 1:1).
(d) An antikrist ånd er en som benekter at Jesus er Kristus eller at han er kommet fra Gud i form av en mann (se inngang for 1 John 2:18).
2 Johannes 1:8
Pass på dere, at dere ikke mister det vi har utrettet, men at dere kan få full belønning.
(en) Pass på dere selv. Beware of deceivers who draw people to themselves and away from Jesus. John’s warnings about false teachers and false prophets echo those given by Paul (2 Cor. 11:13), Peter (2 Pet. 2:1), and Jude (Jude 1:4).
(b) Hva vi har fått til. Johannes, den utvalgte dame og hennes barn hadde sådd det gode sæd ved å forkynne evangeliet. Hans bekymring var at falske mennesker ville undergrave det de hadde gjort.
(c) Du kan motta en full belønning meaning spiritual offspring. Just as fish are a fisherman’s reward, spiritual children are the reward for those who labor in the gospel. Both the elder and the lady had led people to Jesus. John’s concern was that some might be led astray by deceivers (2 John 1:7). He tells us how to recognize these deceivers in verse 9 and how to deal with them in verse 10. See also the inngang for 1 Cor. 3:14.
2 Johannes 1:9
Den som går for langt og ikke blir i Kristi lære, har ikke Gud; den som blir i læren, han har både Faderen og Sønnen.
(en) Alle som går også langt at de går utover Kristus har gått glipp av målet. Kristus er det første trinnet og det eneste trinnet, reisen og målet. Alt som måtte gjøres for å gjøre deg hellig, rettferdig og akseptabel for Gud, ble utført av Jesus. Alt vi kan legge til hans offer forringer bare hans fullførte verk.
(b) Holder seg ikke or dwell in the good news of Christ. Some read this as a threat to the believer’s salvation, as in, “fail to continue in the teaching of Christ and you will no longer have God.” But John is talking about deceivers who “do not acknowledge Jesus Christ” (2 John 1:7). He is describing false prophets, wolves in sheep’s clothing, rather than believers (1 John 4:1).
(c) Kristi lære is the gospel or good news of Jesus, the Son of God. This gospel declares the unconditional love of your heavenly Father (1 John 4:9, 19), the complete forgiveness of all your sins (1 John 1:7, 2:2, 10), and the invitation to live in eternal fellowship or union with Jesus (1 John 1:3, 4:9).
(d) Forblir ikke i Kristi lære. Instead of abiding or making their home in the message of Christ, some move on to empty philosophy and dead religion. They embrace another gospel (Gal. 1:8) effectively preaching another Jesus (2 Cor. 11:4).
(e) Den som holder seg or makes their home in the message of Jesus will not be distracted by those who “go too far” and tempted to add dead works to grace. John is repeating Jesus’ exhortation to: “Abide in me” (John 15:4). See also the inngang for 1 John 2:6.
(f) Har både Faderen og Sønnen. Faderen og Sønnen er en pakkeløsning.
The religious Jews of the first-century believed in God, but they did not receive the Son he sent. John makes it plain that you can’t have one without the other (1 John 2:23).
2 Johannes 1:10
Dersom noen kommer til deg og ikke bringer denne læren, så ta ikke imot ham i ditt hus, og hils ham ikke.
(en) Denne undervisningen meaning the teaching or gospel of Christ (2 John 1:9).
(b) Ikke ta imot ham i huset ditt. Ikke ta imot falske profeter og ikke gi dem en plattform.
Some interpret John’s words as “Don’t invite sinners to your home,” but Jesus was a friend of sinners. Jesus came to seek and save the lost and we don’t represent him well by shutting our doors in their faces. John is talking about false prophets and false teachers who are preaching an antichrist message (2 John 1:7). “Distance yourself from such people.” Inviting such people to stay in your home at a time when the church met in people’s homes, was tantamount to giving them an endorsement.
(c) Ikke hils på ham som en troende fordi han ikke er en troende. Ikke introduser eller godkjenne en falsk lærer på noen måte.
2 Johannes 1:11
for den som hilser ham, deltar i hans onde gjerninger.
In other words, have nothing to do with those preaching an antichrist message. Again, John is not talking about unbelievers in general, but false teachers and deceivers (2 John 1:7). In a post-truth world, we have a high tolerance for people who see things differently from us. But John was not afraid to draw lines in the sand. Truth is divisive (Matt. 10:34).
2 Johannes 1:12
Selv om jeg har mange ting å skrive til deg, vil jeg ikke gjøre det med papir og blekk; men jeg håper å komme til dere og tale ansikt til ansikt, så deres glede kan bli fullkommen.
(en) Jeg har mange ting å skrive til deg. John had much to say about Jesus. John once said, “If all the deeds of Jesus were written down, the world could not contain all the books” (John 21:25).
(b) Jeg vil ikke gjøre det med papir og blekk. Why was John a reluctant writer (3 John 1:13)? Was it on account of his old age or a shortage of papyrus? Was he worried about the censorship of an oppressive government? Most likely he just preferred face to face conversation. “I hope to come to you and speak face to face.”
(c) Så din glede kan bli fullkommen. “Our joy” may be a better translation. John is already glad (2 John 1:4). He wants the chosen lady to be glad too.
2 Johannes 1:13
Barna til din utvalgte søster hilser deg.
The children or spiritual offspring.
Chosen. Det opprinnelige ordet (eklektos) is used to describe believers or the elect or those chosen by God (Col. 3:12).
“Many are called, but few are chosen,” said Jesus (Matt. 22:14). God’s call goes out to all but not all respond. Those who respond to the call of God are called the elect or the chosen. “For you are a chosen generation” (1 Pet. 2:9). In a manner of speaking, the chosen choose themselves. But since the Lord initiates the call, it’s accurate to say we are God’s chosen (Rom. 8:33, Eph. 1:4, 2 Th. 2:13, 2 Tim. 2:10).
Din utvalgte søster. This letter begins with a greeting to a chosen lady and it closes with a greeting from a chosen sister. In a generic sense, chosen means believer. In context, both women were spiritual mothers or leaders within the church because they had raised up spiritual offspring.
Can women lead in the church? If we are to take the scriptures as our final authority, the answer can only be a resounding yes. In the New Testament, where pastors are generally not named, as many as six pastors were women, including the two chosen women av 2 John.
Videre lesning: "Kvinnelige pastorer i Bibelen”
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