João 10

João 10:1

“Em verdade, em verdade vos digo: quem não entra pela porta no aprisco das ovelhas, mas sobe por outro caminho, é ladrão e salteador.

(uma) Um ladrão e um ladrão is any false prophet or false teacher who tries to steal or fleece the sheep. He is not a misguided minister because he is unacquainted with Jesus the door (John 10:7). “In their greed they will exploit you with false words” (2 Pet. 2:3).

In context, Jesus is addressing those Pharisees who were offended that he had healed on the Sabbath. The Pharisees threatened to put out of the synagogue anyone who followed the Lord (John 9:16, 22).

“Cuidado com os líderes religiosos”, disse Jesus. “Eles não são verdadeiros pastores, mas ladrões que devoram as casas das viúvas e tentam assustar aqueles a quem Deus ama”. Veja também o entrada for Matt. 7:15.

(b) Robber. The original word (lestes) means armed brigands of the kind who robbed and beat the traveler on the road to Jericho (Luke 10:30), and who also menaced Paul in his travels (2 Cor. 11:26). Two such brigands were crucified beside Christ (Matt. 27:38), and Barabbas was also a brigand (John. 18:40).

João 10:3

“A ele o porteiro abre, e as ovelhas ouvem a sua voz, e ele chama pelo nome as suas ovelhas e as conduz para fora.

His own sheep. We are not his sheep because we go to church and act like Jesus. We are his sheep if we have been born of the Spirit. “If anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to him” (Rom. 8:9).

João 10:8

“Todos os que vieram antes de mim são ladrões e salteadores, mas as ovelhas não os ouviram.

Thieves and robbers. Jesus is not talking about the patriarchs and prophets, but the Pharisees and religious leaders who use fear to intimidate and rob the sheep (see entrada for John 10:1).

João 10:10

“O ladrão vem apenas para roubar, matar e destruir; Eu vim para que tenham vida e a tenham em abundância.

(uma) O ladrão refers to the false teachers and religious leaders of Israel (see John 10:8).

Although Satan is a thief who came to steal, kill, and destroy, in this context Jesus is referring to the law teachers and Pharisees who devoured widow’s houses and threatened to excommunicate those who followed him (Matt. 23:14, John 9:22).

(b) Kill and destroy. The test of any teacher or leader is whether they release life or death. A true teacher releases the life of God by revealing Jesus who is the Life. In contrast, a false teacher perpetuates the death-dealing lies of the devil. Jesus said of those who opposed and sought to kill him, “You are of your father the devil… a murderer from the beginning” (John 8:44).

(c) I came that they may have life. Jesus came to give us what we did not have – abundant life. He did not come to make bad people good, but to give life to the dead (John 3:15–16, 5:24). He came so that we might walk in newness of life (Rom. 6:4–5). When we preach the gospel, we are telling people about the new life that Jesus offers to all (Acts 5:20).

(d) And have it abundantly. Eternal life is not more of the same old life, but a brand new life of wholeness and health and living in union with the Author of Life. See entrada para a Nova Vida.

(e) Abundantly. The original adjective, perissos, means “surpassing” or “super abound.” It is life that far surpasses what we know. It is not the wasted life of the flesh, but the “much more” life of God. It’s not the old life of lack and longing, but the new life of significance and supply (Rom. 8:32, Php. 4:19).

João 10:16

“Tenho outras ovelhas, que não são deste aprisco; devo trazê-los também, e eles ouvirão a minha voz; e eles se tornarão um rebanho com um pastor.

(uma) Other sheep. The Gentiles.

The Jews understood that the Messiah would be the Shepherd of Israel (Eze. 34:11–15, Matt. 2:6), and this was the focus of Jesus’ early ministry (Matt. 10:6, 15:24). However, Jesus had a larger purpose: to call his sheep from every nation (Matt. 25:32). This mission began when he commissioned the apostles to go to the ends of the earth to preach the good news (Matt. 28:18, Acts 1:8).

(b) Not of this fold. Not of Israel.

(c) They will become one flock. There is not a Jewish flock and a Gentile flock in the new creation. There is only one flock, one faith, and one body, for we are all one in Christ (Gal. 3:28, Eph. 2:15, Col. 3:11).

João 10:17

“Por isso o Pai me ama, porque dou a minha vida para retomá-la.

(uma) The Father; Vejo entrada for John 4:21.

(b) The Father loves Me. The God that Jesus revealed is a loving Father (John 14:21, 23, 15:9, 16:27, 17:26), who loves us as much as he loves his Son (John 17:23).

(c) I lay down My life. Since Jesus was not of Adam’s fallen line, he was not subject to the law of sin and death. Sin couldn’t touch him and death couldn’t take him. The only way Jesus could go to the cross and die on our behalf was if he chose to.

João 10:18

“Ninguém me tirou isso, mas eu o estabeleci por minha própria iniciativa. Tenho autoridade para estabelecê-lo e tenho autoridade para retomá-lo. Este mandamento recebi de meu Pai.”

Eu deitei. On several occasions people plotted or tried to murder Jesus (Matt. 26:59, Mark 14:55, Luke 4:30, 22:2, John 5:18, 7:19, 25). But none succeeded. Jesus would freely lay down his life for all. No one would take it from him.

João 10:23

era inverno e Jesus caminhava no templo do pórtico de Salomão.

O pórtico de Salomão was a porch that ran along the eastern wall of the temple precinct. Jesus probably walked there in winter because it was covered. Later, the early church would meet there (Acts 3:11, 5:12).

João 10:25

Jesus respondeu-lhes: “Eu já vos disse e não acreditais; as obras que faço em nome de meu Pai, estas testificam de mim.

(uma) Meu pai; Vejo entrada for John 4:21.

(b) Você não acredita. Alguns dos judeus não acreditavam que Jesus fosse o Cristo (ver versículo anterior).

(c) Em nome do meu pai. Jesus shows us how to live in total dependence on the Father (see entrada for John 5:19).

João 10:26

“Mas vocês não acreditam porque não são das minhas ovelhas.

(uma) Você não acredita. Os judeus ouviram o testemunho do Senhor (ver versículo anterior), mas não acreditaram. Eles não acreditavam que ele era o Cristo.

This verse is not saying that God only saves some people or that only sheep can believe. God loves the whole world (John 3:16). He is not willing that any perish but desires all to come to repentance and be saved (2 Pet. 3:9, 1 Tim. 2:4). Whoever believes or calls upon the name of the Lord shall be saved (John 3:16, Rom. 10:13).

(b) Minhas ovelhas. “Você não é meu povo. Você não me segue” (veja o próximo versículo).

João 10:27

“As minhas ovelhas ouvem a minha voz, e eu as conheço, e elas me seguem;

(uma) Minhas ovelhas. We are not his sheep because we go to church and act like Jesus. We are his sheep if we have been born of the Spirit. “If anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to him” (Rom. 8:9).

(b) I know them. Jesus knows his own. On that day Jesus will say, “This one is mine and I know them. They have heard my voice and responded.”

João 10:28

e eu lhes dou a vida eterna, e nunca perecerão; e ninguém os arrebatará da minha mão.

(uma) Eu dou vida eterna a eles. “To give us eternal life” is the answer to the question, why did Jesus come (John 3:16, Rom 6:4, 1 Tim. 1:16).

Jesus não veio principalmente para nos libertar do pecado ou para nos dar uma nova natureza. Ele veio para nos dar uma nova vida que inclui essas outras coisas. “Eu vim para que eles tenham (zoé) life” (John 10:10). When we preach the gospel, we are telling people about the new life that Jesus offers to all (Acts 5:20). See entrada para a Nova Vida.

(b) Vida eterna é viver para sempre em união com Jesus; ver entrada for John 3:15.

(c) They will never perish. We are not born immortal (Rom. 2:6–8, Eph. 2:1). Eternal life is a gift we receive when come to Christ (John 3:15). The moment you put your faith in Christ you crossed over from death to life (John 5:24). Whoever believes in Christ has eternal life and shall not perish (John 3:16).

(d) Minha mão. Jesus te segura e nunca te deixará ir.

João 10:29

“Meu Pai, que Mim os deu, é maior do que todos; e ninguém pode arrebatá-los da mão do Pai.

(uma) Meu pai; Vejo entrada for John 4:21.

(b) A mão do Pai. In Christ, you are a son forever (John 8:35). Your heavenly Father will never abandon you (Heb. 13:5), never forget you (Is. 49:15). As an heir of God, your future is eternally secure and wonderfully blessed (Rom. 8:17, Gal. 4:7).

João 10:30

“Eu e o Pai somos um.”

I and the Father are one. God the Father and the Son are exactly alike (Heb. 1:3).

What is God like? He is like Jesus. If you have seen the Son, you have seen the Father (John 14:9). Jesus is the image of the invisible God (Col. 1:15).This similarity makes it easy for us to dismiss the silly caricatures of manmade religion. Since Jesus is not a semi-deaf sky-Santa, then neither is God. And since Jesus is not a terrifying punisher, neither is God. Your heavenly Father is exactly like Jesus.

Alguns imaginam que Deus é um contador que registra todos os seus pecados. Mas Deus não é assim porque Jesus não é assim. Jesus não envergonhou os pecadores. Ele os amou e jantou com eles e os apresentou ao seu Pai.

Alguns pensam que Deus é um soberano passivo e ineficaz que deixa o universo funcionar no piloto automático. Mas Deus não é assim porque Jesus não é assim. O desejo de Jesus era ver a vontade do Pai feita na terra como é feita no céu. É por isso que ele curou os enfermos e ressuscitou os mortos.

Alguns pensam que seus pecados colocam você em perigo de um Deus irado. Mas Deus não é assim porque Jesus não é assim. Jesus é amigo dos pecadores.

Alguns imaginam que Deus nos dá a lei enquanto Jesus nos dá a graça. Mas as boas novas declaram que Jesus é a personificação da graça do Pai. Jesus é fantasticamente gracioso, mas não é mais gracioso do que o próprio Deus. Eles são a dupla dinâmica da graciosidade. Não existe uma rotina de Deus bom e Deus mau. Há apenas graça sobre graça irradiando do trono da graça.

João 10:34

Jesus respondeu-lhes: “Não está escrito na vossa Lei: 'EU DISSE: VÓS SOIS DEUSES'?

Written in your Law. Jesus is quoting Psalm. 82:6. The Psalms do not form part of the Law of Moses or the Torah (the first five books of the Bible). Jesus is referring to the Hebrew Scriptures or the Old Testament. For similar examples, see John 12:34, 15:25, and 1 Cor. 14:21.

Leitura complementar: “Qual é a Lei na Bíblia?“

João 10:35

“Se ele chamou de deuses aqueles a quem veio a palavra de Deus (e a Escritura não pode ser anulada),

(uma) A palavra de Deus in this context is the Old Testament (see previous verse). To be precise, it is Psalm 82:6.

The word of God is the means by which God reveals himself and his will. In the old covenant, God communicated his will to Israel through the law, prophecies, and psalms. In the new covenant, the Word of God has its clearest expression through the revelation of Jesus (Rev. 19:13). See entrada para Palavra de Deus.

(b) Scripture cannot be broken. In other words, “Don’t try and wriggle your way out of this by changing scripture.”

João 10:36

você diz daquele que o Pai santificou e enviou ao mundo: 'Você está blasfemando', porque eu disse: 'Eu sou o Filho de Deus'?

(uma) The Father; Vejo entrada for John 4:21.

(b) Sent into the world. On numerous occasions, Jesus told his disciples that he was not from earth but had come or been sent from heaven. See entrada for John 6:38.

(c) The Son of God. Most of the time Jesus referred to himself as the Son of Man (see entrada for Matt. 8:20). But on a few occasions he acknowledged that he was the Son of God (John 3:18, 5:25, 11:4, Rev. 2:18).

João 10:40

E Ele retirou-se novamente para além do Jordão, para o lugar onde João estava batizando pela primeira vez, e ficou ali.

(uma) The place. When Jesus’ life was threatened in Jerusalem, he went to the place he had been water baptized. John baptized people at Bethabara, which was also known as Bethany-beyond-the-Jordan (John 1:28). This place should not be confused with the Bethany of Martha and Mary which was near Jerusalem.

(b) Baptizing. The original word implies total immersion. See entrada para o Batismo.

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2 comentários

  1. A K has taken the place of the L in steal in rhe John 10:10 comment,… Sorry couldn’t ovelook it, but what I really want to emphesiszehe is that your work is wonderful and soooo to the Point! Thank you!

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